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\u4e9a\u5f53\u00b7\u65af\u5bc6\uff08Adam Smith, 1723-1790\uff09\uff0c\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u514b\u79d1\u5e95\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53e4\u5178\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u8005\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8981\u521b\u7acb\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u65e9\u5e74\u5728\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u63a5\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u540e\u4e8e\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u4efb\u6559\u54f2\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u51e1\u5341\u4e09\u8f7d\uff0c\u671f\u95f4\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u9996\u90e8\u91cd\u8981\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u9053\u5fb7\u60c5\u64cd\u8bba\u300b\uff081759\uff09\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u5176\u5728\u77e5\u8bc6\u754c\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u58f0\u671b\u30021776\u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u4e0d\u673d\u5de8\u8457\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d22\u5bcc\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u5373\u300a\u56fd\u5bcc\u8bba\u300b\uff09\u95ee\u4e16\uff0c\u4e00\u4e3e\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u5730\u770b\uff0c\u5206\u5de5\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u6027\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5206\u89e3\u4e0e\u5f81\u670d\u3002\u65af\u5bc6\u5c06\u793e\u4f1a\u6bd4\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u673a\u4f53\uff0c\u5404\u6210\u5458\u56e0\u5206\u5de5\u800c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u534f\u4f5c\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u8fdc\u975e\u4e2a\u4f53\u6240\u80fd\u4f01\u53ca\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\u603b\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d1e\u89c1\u9884\u793a\u4e86\u540e\u4e16\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fd0\u884c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u201c\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u624b\u201d\uff1a\u5e02\u573a\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u610f\u8574<\/h3>\n

\u65af\u5bc6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u624b\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u9690\u55bb\uff0c\u582a\u79f0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u5bcc\u6709\u8bd7\u610f\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u5b83\u610f\u6307\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u79c1\u5229\u2014\u2014\u800c\u975e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u5229\u76ca\u2014\u2014\u7136\u800c\u5728\u4ef7\u683c\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5f15\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u81ea\u79c1\u81ea\u5229\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5374\u80fd\u81ea\u53d1\u5730\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u798f\u7949\u3002\u9762\u5305\u5e08\u917f\u9152\u5e08\u7684\u8c0b\u5229\u4e4b\u5fc3\uff0c\u7adf\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u996e\u98df\u9700\u6c42\u5de7\u5999\u5bf9\u63a5\uff1b\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5bf9\u5229\u6da6\u7684\u8ffd\u9010\uff0c\u7adf\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e0e\u6210\u672c\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u770b\u4f3c\u6096\u8bba\u6027\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u5b9e\u5219\u8574\u542b\u7740\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u6027\u4e0e\u5236\u5ea6\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002\u65af\u5bc6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5b58\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u7ade\u4e89\u4e0e\u79c1\u6709\u4ea7\u6743\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ffd\u6c42\u79c1\u5229\u7684\u884c \u4e3a\u4fbf\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u5e02\u573a\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0e\u5f15\u5bfc\uff0c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eba\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u6b64\u4e43\u201c\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u624b\u201d\u7684\u7cbe\u4e49\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u300a\u56fd\u5bcc\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u624b\u201d\u5e76\u975e\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u653e\u4efb\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u62a4\u8eab\u7b26\u3002\u65af\u5bc6\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u540c\u6837\u5f3a\u8c03\u653f\u5e9c\u5e94\u627f\u62c5\u56fd\u9632\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u3001\u516c\u5171\u5de5\u7a0b\u7b49\u5fc5\u8981\u804c\u80fd\uff0c\u5bf9\u5784\u65ad\u4e0e\u7279\u6743\u4fdd\u6301\u8b66\u60d5\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\uff0c\u7edd\u975e\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4ee3\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u5e02\u573a\u673a\u5236\u5185\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u4e0e\u987a\u5e94\u3002\u540e\u4e16\u5bf9\u65af\u5bc6\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bef\u8bfb\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u504f\u79bb\u4e86\u8fd9\u4f4d\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u539f\u521d\u7684\u5ba1\u614e\u7acb\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e94\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u611f\u609f<\/h2>\n

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\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u201c\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u624b\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u9690\u55bb\u4ea6\u5f53\u5f15\u53d1\u543e\u4eba\u53cd\u601d\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u76ca\u590d\u6742\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u53d1\u79e9\u5e8f\u5982\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\uff1f\u5236\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5982\u4f55\u517c\u987e\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u516c\u5e73\uff1f\u5e02\u573a\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u8bc9\u6c42\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u548c\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u65af\u5bc6\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8bae\u9898\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u516d\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u8054\u7cfb<\/h2>\n

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\u4ece\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u65af\u5bc6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e0e\u6f14\u7ece\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u4ed6\u4ece\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73b0\u8c61\u4e2d\u5f52\u7eb3\u51fa\u5206\u5de5\u3001\u7ade\u4e89\u3001\u4ef7\u683c\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u53c8\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8303\u7574\u6f14\u7ece\u51fa\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u666e\u904d\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u540e\u4e16\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u4e43\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e03\u3001\u540e\u7eed\u8ba1\u5212<\/h2>\n

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