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\u7f57\u5170\u00b7\u7c73\u52d2\uff08Rowland S. Miller\uff09\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8428\u59c6\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c1973\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u5eb7\u5948\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7cfb\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u5728\u4f5b\u7f57\u91cc\u8fbe\u5927\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\u4e0e\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u81ea1978\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u7c73\u52d2\u6559\u6388\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u9ad8\u6821\u4ece\u4e8b\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5173\u7cfb\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u5353\u8d8a\u8d21\u732e\u66fe\u83b7\u4eba\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u56fd\u9645\u534f\u4f1a\u6559\u5b66\u5956\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u534f\u4f1a\uff08APA\uff09\u7684Edwin B. Newman\u5956\u7b49\u8363\u8a89\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u7c73\u52d2\u6559\u6388\u5bf9\u6b64\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u6781\u4e3a\u52a1\u5b9e\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a\u201c\u4e0e\u7231\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u57f9\u517b\u4e00\u79cd\u53cb\u60c5\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u5730\u4fdd\u6301\u65b0\u9c9c\u611f\u201d\u201c\u6293\u4f4f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u4f1a\u4e0e\u4f60\u7684\u4f34\u4fa3\u4eab\u53d7\u65b0\u5947\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d1e\u89c1\u6df1\u523b\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u957f\u4e45\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u79d8\u8bc0\uff1a\u7231\u60c5\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u6ce8\u5165\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u53cc\u65b9\u523b\u610f\u7ecf\u8425\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5750\u7b49\u6fc0\u60c5\u81ea\u7136\u5ef6\u7eed\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u6301\u4e45\u800c\u5e78\u798f\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u5e76\u975e\u6fc0\u60c5\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4eb2\u5bc6\u4e0e\u627f\u8bfa\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u4e0d\u65ad\u57f9\u80b2\u7684\u3001\u6df1\u6c89\u7684\u53cb\u8c0a\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n

\u4e94\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u611f\u609f<\/h2>\n

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\u4e66\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u53cb\u4f34\u4e4b\u7231\u201d\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u5219\u8ba9\u6211\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u4e86\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u592a\u591a\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u3001\u4f20\u5b97\u63a5\u4ee3\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u8ba4\u53ef\u2026\u2026\u800c\u7c73\u52d2\u6559\u6388\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u6700\u6301\u4e45\u3001\u6700\u5e78\u798f\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u57fa\u5728\u4e8e\u4e24\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u90a3\u4efd\u7ecf\u5e74\u7d2f\u6708\u57f9\u517b\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u3001\u6df1\u6c89\u800c\u6e29\u6696\u7684\u53cb\u8c0a\u3002\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e86\u89e3\u3001\u5f7c\u6b64\u4fe1\u4efb\u3001\u5f7c\u6b64\u652f\u6301\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e0d\u6b63\u662f\u53cb\u60c5\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5417\uff1f\u6216\u8bb8\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u6267\u5b50\u4e4b\u624b\uff0c\u4e0e\u5b50\u5055\u8001\u201d\uff0c\u6700\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4f34\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u631a\u53cb\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u516d\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u8054\u7cfb<\/h2>\n

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\n

\u4e03\u3001\u540e\u7eed\u8ba1\u5212<\/h2>\n

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\n

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