{"id":5079,"date":"2026-06-17T01:11:13","date_gmt":"2026-06-16T17:11:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/deepbule.store\/?p=5079"},"modified":"2026-06-17T01:11:13","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T17:11:13","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e3%80%8a%e6%b2%89%e9%bb%98%e7%9a%84%e4%bd%8e%e8%af%ad%e3%80%8b-%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e5%93%b2%e5%ad%a6-%e4%bd%8e%e8%af%ad-%e7%bb%b4%e7%89%b9%e6%a0%b9%e6%96%af%e5%9d%a6%e3%80%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/deepbule.store\/?p=5079","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u300a\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u4f4e\u8bed\u300b\u2014 \u8bed\u8a00\u54f2\u5b66\/\u4f4e\u8bed\/\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u300b\u9605\u8bfb\u7b14\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u300a\u300a\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u4f4e\u8bed\u300b\u2014 \u8bed\u8a00\u54f2\u5b66\/\u4f4e\u8bed\/\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u300b\u9605\u8bfb\u7b14\u8bb0<\/h1>\n
\n

\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210 | 2026-06-17 01:11 | \ud83c\udf10 web\u515c\u5e95<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u300a\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u4f4e\u8bed\u2014\u2014\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u8bed\u8a00\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u7ef4\u5ea6\u300b\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0<\/h1>\n
\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0e\u80cc\u666f<\/h2>\n

\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u5173\u4e8e\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u6700\u5bcc\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8def\u5fb7\u7ef4\u5e0c\u00b7\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\uff08Ludwig Wittgenstein, 1889-1951\uff09\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u4e13\u9898\u8bba\u8457\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u4ee5\u201c\u6c89\u9ed8\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u770b\u4f3c\u6096\u8bba\u6027\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7ebf\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u6a2a\u8de8\u524d\u540e\u671f\u3001\u770b\u4f3c\u65ad\u88c2\u5b9e\u5219\u5185\u5728\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9<\/h2>\n

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\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/strong>\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u63ed\u793a\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u524d\u540e\u671f\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8f6c\u6298\uff1a\u65e9\u671f\u4ed6\u5c06\u8bed\u8a00\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u201c\u903b\u8f91\u56fe\u50cf\u201d\uff0c\u547d\u9898\u4e0e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u540c\u6784\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u4e8e\u5212\u5b9a\u53ef\u8bf4\u4e0e\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bf4\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff1b\u540e\u671f\u4ed6\u8f6c\u5411\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u201d\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bcd\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u800c\u975e\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f6c\u5411\u5e76\u975e\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u201c\u6c89\u9ed8\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6df1\u5316\u2014\u2014\u6c89\u9ed8\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5185\u5d4c\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684\u5f20\u529b\u4e0e\u7559\u767d\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u4f26\u7406\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/strong>\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u672c\u4e66\u7740\u58a8\u6700\u91cd\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u5173\u5207\u5e76\u975e\u5916\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u8bed\u8a00\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u201c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u672c\u8eab\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f26\u7406\u59ff\u6001\u3002\u5728\u6280\u672f\u7406\u6027\u660c\u76db\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u627f\u8ba4\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u6027\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u4e0d\u53ef\u91cf\u5316\u4e4b\u7269\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002\u4f26\u7406\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u3001\u7f8e\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u8bed\u8a00\u7a77\u5c3d\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u6c89\u9ed8\u6765\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5f3a\u884c\u8a00\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/strong>\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u5bf9\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u5e76\u975e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6216\u4e0d\u4fe1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u770b\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5b97\u6559\u547d\u9898\u4e0d\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u9648\u8ff0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5c55\u793a\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u9762\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u65f6\u7684\u6839\u672c\u59ff\u6001\u3002\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u665a\u5e74\u5e38\u8a00\u201c\u5bf9\u5947\u8ff9\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6096\u8bba\u5f0f\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u6c89\u9ed8\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e09\u3001\u7cbe\u534e\u6458\u5f55<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u3002\u201d<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u540d\u8a00\u9053\u51fa\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6839\u672c\u5173\u8054\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    \u201c\u51e1\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u6e05\u695a\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\u3002\u201d<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u300a\u903b\u8f91\u54f2\u5b66\u8bba\u300b\u7684\u5f00\u7bc7\u547d\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u94a5\u5319\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    \u201c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u547d\u9898\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4eba\u53ea\u80fd\u5bf9\u4e4b\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\u3002\u201d<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e00\u547d\u9898\u5c06\u6c89\u9ed8\u4ece\u6d88\u6781\u7684\u65e0\u529b\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    \u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u5ea7\u5b64\u5c9b\uff0c\u7f6e\u8eab\u6c89\u9ed8\u800c\u65e0\u8fb9\u7684\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\u3002\u201d<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5728\u6b64\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u8be0\u91ca\uff1a\u6c89\u9ed8\u4e0d\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  5. \n

    \u201c\u54f2\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u5177\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u2018\u6211\u627e\u4e0d\u7740\u5317\u3002\u2019\u201d<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u5bf9\u54f2\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u54f2\u5b66\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u6027\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  6. \n

    \u201c\u9075\u884c\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u201d<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e00\u770b\u4f3c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u547d\u9898\uff0c\u98a0\u8986\u4e86\u5c06\u89c4\u5219\u89c6\u4e3a\u9759\u6001\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  7. \n

    \u201c\u5982\u679c\u72ee\u5b50\u4f1a\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u3002\u201d<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6d1e\u89c1\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u5c31\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  8. \n

    \u201c\u5bf9\u5947\u8ff9\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\u3002\u201d<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u5bf9\u5b97\u6559\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\u7cbe\u70bc\u8868\u8fbe\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  9. \n

    \u201c\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u529b\u91cf\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u8bf4\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8005\u60f3\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u201d<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e00\u5173\u4e8e\u4e66\u7c4d\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u6070\u53ef\u79fb\u7528\u4e8e\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  10. \n

    \u201c\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8f\u5112\u5996\u201d\u2014\u2014\u300a\u683c\u6797\u7ae5\u8bdd\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u9690\u55bb\uff0c\u88ab\u672c\u4e66\u4f5c\u8005\u5f15\u7528\u4e8e\u8bf4\u660e\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8f\u5927\u53d9\u4e8b\u76db\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7518\u613f\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u800c\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u8005\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \n

    \u56db\u3001\u4e3b\u9898\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n

    \u4e3b\u9898\u4e00\uff1a\u6c89\u9ed8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n

    \u672c\u4e66\u6700\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1\u5728\u4e8e\u5c06\u201c\u6c89\u9ed8\u201d\u4ece\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\u62c9\u56de\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7406\u89e3\u5c06\u6c89\u9ed8\u89c6\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u2014\u2014\u662f\u8a00\u8bf4\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e6\u53ca\u4e4b\u5904\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u3002\u4f46\u672c\u4e66\u63ed\u793a\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u201c\u6c89\u9ed8\u201d\u5e76\u975e\u6d88\u6781\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u65e9\u671f\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u201c\u6c89\u9ed8\u201d\u6307\u5411\u300a\u903b\u8f91\u54f2\u5b66\u8bba\u300b\u6700\u540e\u547d\u9898\u6240\u6697\u793a\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u3001\u5ba1\u7f8e\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u9886\u57df\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u547d\u9898\u8bed\u8a00\u6240\u8868\u8fbe\u3001\u5374\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b\u4e4b\u610f\u4e49\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u906d\u9047\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u5f20\u529b\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6c89\u9ed8\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bf4\u4e4b\u7269\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u201c\u6c89\u9ed8\u201d\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\uff1f<\/p>\n

    \u672c\u4e66\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u9ad8\u660e\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u5f20\u529b\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u540e\u671f\u54f2\u5b66\u3002\u5728\u300a\u54f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u6c89\u9ed8\u201d\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5f7c\u5cb8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5185\u5728\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u5728\u00a7198\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u9075\u884c\u89c4\u5219\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u2014\u2014\u800c\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u6b63\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u4e0d\u53ef\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u547d\u9898\u5316\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u9a91\u81ea\u884c\u8f66\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u5982\u4f55\u9a91\u8f66\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u5168\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u8868\u8ff0\u9a91\u8f66\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u77e5\u9053\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6c89\u9ed8\u4e4b\u77e5\uff08tacit knowledge\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u6240\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u7ec8\u6307\u5411\u5e76\u975e\u201c\u653e\u5f03\u8a00\u8bf4\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u201c\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u8a00\u8bf4\u201d\u2014\u2014\u5373\u77e5\u9053\u4f55\u65f6\u8a00\u8bf4\u3001\u4f55\u65f6\u6c89\u9ed8\uff0c\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u53ef\u8bf4\u6027\u4e0e\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bf4\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5f20\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u516c\u5171\u8bdd\u8bed\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u8b66\u793a\u610f\u4e49\uff1a\u5f53\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u55a7\u56a3\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u4e00\u5207\u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u2014\u2014\u90fd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u53ef\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u6587\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u6c89\u9ed8\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4eec\uff1a\u6709\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8a00\u8bf4\u800c\u88ab\u7cdf\u8e4b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e3b\u9898\u4e8c\uff1a\u8bed\u8a00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e<\/h3>\n

    \u672c\u4e66\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u4e3b\u9898\u662f\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u201d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u540e\u671f\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6d1e\u89c1\u662f\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u638c\u63e1\u4e00\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u770b\u4f3c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u547d\u9898\uff0c\u5b9e\u5219\u98a0\u8986\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f20\u7edf\u89c2\u70b9\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u2014\u2014\u4eba\u4eec\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e16\u754c\u3001\u8868\u8fbe\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u4ea4\u6d41\u60c5\u611f\u3002\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u662f\u5206\u79bb\u7684\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f46\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u5730\u56fe-\u9886\u571f\u201d\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u89c2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9677\u9631\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u610f\u4e49\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c06\u5b83\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6302\u94a9\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u7528\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u672c\u4e66\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u72ee\u5b50\u201d\u6bd4\u55bb\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u72ee\u5b50\u4f1a\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u975e\u56e0\u4e3a\u72ee\u5b50\u7684\u53d1\u58f0\u5668\u5b98\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u72ee\u5b50\u7684\u201c\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u201d\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8f7d\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u770b\u201d\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e00\u6d1e\u89c1\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u7406\u89e3\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4eec\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u2014\u2014\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u672c\u8eab\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u53c2\u4e0e\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8fdb\u5165\u90a3\u79cd\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5185\u90e8\u89c6\u89d2\u800c\u975e\u5916\u90e8\u89c6\u89d2\u6765\u89c2\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e94\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u611f\u609f<\/h2>\n

    \u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u4e88\u6211\u6700\u6df1\u5207\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e45\u8fdd\u7684\u667a\u8bc6\u4e0a\u7684\u8c26\u5351\u3002<\/p>\n

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    \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u6c89\u9ed8\u54f2\u5b66\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4eec\uff1a\u6709\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u6070\u6070\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u8a00\u8bf4\u800c\u73cd\u8d35\u3002\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u6267\u624b\u76f8\u770b\u6cea\u773c\u201d\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u6b7b\u4ea1\u65f6\u7684\u201c\u6b32\u8bf4\u8fd8\u4f11\u201d\uff0c\u827a\u672f\u6b23\u8d4f\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u5999\u4e0d\u53ef\u8a00\u201d\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u8a00\u8bf4\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u5178\u8bd7\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u8a00\u5916\u4e4b\u610f\u201d\u201c\u97f5\u5916\u4e4b\u81f4\u201d\uff0c\u60f3\u8d77\u7985\u5b97\u201c\u4e0d\u7acb\u6587\u5b57\u201d\u7684\u6559\u8bf2\uff0c\u60f3\u8d77\u5e84\u5b50\u201c\u5f97\u610f\u5fd8\u8a00\u201d\u7684\u900d\u9065\u3002\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u6c89\u9ed8\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u667a\u6167\u7adf\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u9690\u79d8\u7684\u5171\u9e23\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u6c89\u9ed8\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u6c89\u9ed8\u66f4\u591a\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u79cd\u5ba1\u7f8e\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1a\u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u5176\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u800c\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0d\u662f\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u8fb9\u754c\u662f\u610f\u4e49\u5f97\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u7ec3\u4e60\u201d\uff1a\u5c11\u4e00\u4e9b\u5373\u523b\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e0e\u8868\u6001\uff0c\u591a\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b49\u5f85\u4e0e\u503e\u542c\uff1b\u5728\u6025\u4e8e\u8868\u8fbe\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u95ee\u81ea\u5df1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u975e\u9f13\u52b1\u6c89\u9ed8\u5be1\u8a00\u6216\u6d88\u6781\u907f\u4e16\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u8a00\u8bf4\u4e0e\u6c89\u9ed8\u4e4b\u95f4\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u516d\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u8054\u7cfb<\/h2>\n

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    \u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u77e5\u884c\u5408\u4e00\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/strong> \u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u540e\u671f\u5bf9\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u201d\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u8ffd\u95ee\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4ed6\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u662f\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u738b\u9633\u660e\u7684\u201c\u77e5\u884c\u5408\u4e00\u201d\u6709\u5f02\u66f2\u540c\u5de5\u4e4b\u5999\u3002\u738b\u9633\u660e\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u771f\u77e5\u5fc5\u80fd\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u884c\u7684\u77e5\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u77e5\u3002\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u540c\u6837\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u610f\u5473\u7740\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u90fd\u62d2\u7edd\u5c06\u77e5\u8bc6\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u3001\u8131\u79bb\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u547d\u9898\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u9ed8\u4f1a\u4e4b\u77e5\u201d\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\u3002<\/strong> \u5112\u5bb6\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u9ed8\u4f1a\u4e4b\u77e5\u201d\uff08tacit knowledge\uff09\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u4e2d\u5b54\u5b50\u201c\u591a\u95fb\u9619\u7591\u201d\u201c vac\u8a00\u654f\u884c\u201d\u7684\u6559\u8bf2\uff0c\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u300b\u4e2d\u201c\u77e5\u6b62\u800c\u540e\u6709\u5b9a\u201d\u7684\u4fee\u517b\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u90fd\u6697\u793a\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0e\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u6d1e\u89c1\uff1a\u6700\u6df1\u7684\u77e5\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee5\u547d\u9898\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u77e5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u4e2d\u88ab\u6d3b\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u77e5\u3002\u7985\u5b97\u7684\u201c\u6559\u5916\u522b\u4f20\uff0c\u4e0d\u7acb\u6587\u5b57\u201d\u66f4\u662f\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u6c89\u9ed8\u4e4b\u77e5\u63a8\u5411\u4e86\u6781\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u8fb9\u754c\u610f\u8bc6\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4e2d\u5eb8\u4e4b\u9053\u201d\u3002<\/strong> \u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5173\u6000\u662f\u5212\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u627f\u8ba4\u7406\u6027\u7684\u6709\u9650\u6027\u3002\u5112\u5bb6\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u5eb8\u4e4b\u9053\u201d\u540c\u6837\u5305\u542b\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u8fb9\u754c\u610f\u8bc6\uff1a\u8fc7\u72b9\u4e0d\u53ca\u3002\u8a00\u8bed\u540c\u6837\u5982\u6b64\uff1a\u8bdd\u8bf4\u8fc7\u591a\u5219\u5931\u771f\uff0c\u8bdd\u8bf4\u8fc7\u5c11\u5219\u5931\u548c\u3002\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u6c89\u9ed8\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4eec\u4fdd\u6301\u8a00\u8bf4\u7684\u8c26\u900a\uff0c\u800c\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u4e2d\u5eb8\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u8a00\u8bf4\u4e0e\u6c89\u9ed8\u4e4b\u95f4\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4fee\u517b\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u4ece\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b<\/strong>\uff0c\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u201d\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u201c\u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u201d\u7406\u8bba\uff08\u5e93\u6069\uff09\u6709\u76f8\u901a\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u8303\u5f0f\uff08paradigm\uff09\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u201d\u2014\u2014\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u8303\u5f0f\u4e2d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u547d\u9898\u8bed\u8a00\u5b8c\u5168\u8868\u8fbe\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u68cb\u624b\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u89c4\u5219\u5b8c\u5168\u8868\u8fbe\u4e0b\u68cb\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u6280\u827a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u9ed8\u4f1a\u4e4b\u77e5\u201d\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u8bf4\u660e\u6c89\u9ed8\u4e0d\u662f\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u8ba4\u77e5\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u666e\u904d\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e03\u3001\u540e\u7eed\u8ba1\u5212<\/h2>\n

    \u57fa\u4e8e\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u6211\u5236\u5b9a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u884c\u52a8\u8ba1\u5212\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u9605\u8bfb\u62d3\u5c55\u8ba1\u5212\uff1a<\/strong>\n
    \n– \u7cbe\u8bfb\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u300a\u903b\u8f91\u54f2\u5b66\u8bba\u300b\u539f\u6587\uff08\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\u6c49\u8bd1\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u7167\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u4f53\u4f1a\u4ece\u539f\u6587\u5230\u8be0\u91ca\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002
    \n– \u9605\u8bfb\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u300a\u54f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u3001\u9075\u884c\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u79c1\u4eba\u8bed\u8a00\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u3002
    \n– \u9605\u8bfbRay Monk\u6240\u8457\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u4f20\uff1a\u5929\u624d\u4e4b\u4e3a\u8d23\u4efb\u300b\uff0c\u4ece\u751f\u5e73\u89d2\u5ea6\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u54f2\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5185\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n

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    \n– \u8bb0\u5f55\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u201c\u5f3a\u884c\u8a00\u8bf4\u201d\u800c\u540e\u611f\u5230\u540e\u6094\u7684\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65f6\u523b\u4e2d\u6c89\u9ed8\u4e3a\u4f55\u66f4\u4e3a\u9002\u5b9c\u3002
    \n– \u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u95e8\u65b0\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u65e5\u8bed\u6216\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\uff09\uff0c\u4eb2\u8eab\u4f53\u9a8c\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u638c\u63e1\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u5165\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u601d\u60f3\u4ea4\u6d41\u8ba1\u5212\uff1a<\/strong>\n
    \n– \u52a0\u5165\u6216\u53d1\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0e\u5fd7\u540c\u9053\u5408\u8005\u5171\u540c\u63a2\u8ba8\u3002
    \n– \u64b0\u5199\u4e09\u7bc7\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\uff1a\u2460\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u610f\u6db5\uff1b\u2461\u8bed\u8a00\u6e38\u620f\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u7406\u89e3\uff1b\u2462\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u4e0e\u5112\u5b66\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u53ef\u80fd\u3002
    \n– \u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u201c\u8fb9\u754c\u610f\u8bc6\u201d\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u5171\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff1a\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u8bae\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fc7\u4e8e\u6025\u4e8e\u8a00\u8bf4\u800c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6c89\u9ed8\uff1f<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e66\u5377\u5408\u62e2\uff0c\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u4f59\u97f5\u4ecd\u5728\u3002\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u6559\u4f1a\u6211\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8bf4\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8bf4\u5f97\u66f4\u5c11\uff1b\u4e0d\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6269\u5927\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8fb9\u754c\u5904\u4fdd\u6301\u656c\u754f\u4e0e\u8c26\u900a\u3002\u8fd9\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u4fbf\u662f\u201c\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u4f4e\u8bed\u201d\u6700\u6df1\u7684\u6559\u76ca\u3002<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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