{"id":3861,"date":"2026-06-13T01:59:32","date_gmt":"2026-06-12T17:59:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/deepbule.store\/?p=3861"},"modified":"2026-06-13T01:59:32","modified_gmt":"2026-06-12T17:59:32","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e3%80%8a%e8%ae%ba%e8%87%aa%e7%94%b1%e3%80%8b%e3%80%8b%e9%98%85%e8%af%bb%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/deepbule.store\/?p=3861","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u300a\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u300b\u300b\u9605\u8bfb\u7b14\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u300a\u300a\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u300b\u300b\u9605\u8bfb\u7b14\u8bb0<\/h1>\n
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\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210 | 2026-06-13 01:59 | \ud83e\udd16 LLM\u76f4\u751f<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u9605\u8bfb\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a\u300a\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u300b<\/h1>\n
\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0e\u80cc\u666f<\/h2>\n

\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u65af\u56fe\u5c14\u7279\u00b7\u5bc6\u5c14\uff08John Stuart Mill, 1806-1873\uff09\uff0c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u82f1\u56fd\u6700\u5177\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0e\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u7236\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u81ea\u5e7c\u5728\u5176\u7236\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u5bc6\u5c14\uff08\u8457\u540d\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff09\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u6559\u80b2\u4e0b\u63a5\u53d7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5e74\u4ec5\u5341\u4e03\u5c81\u4fbf\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u300a\u8bba\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u300b\u4e2d\u82e5\u5e72\u7ae0\u8282\u7684\u521d\u7a3f\uff0c\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u8d85\u8fc8\u5e38\u4eba\u7684\u667a\u8bc6\u7980\u8d4b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bc6\u5c14\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u65f6\u4ee3\u5e76\u975e\u5168\u7136\u987a\u9042\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u6bb5\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u5371\u673a\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4ed6\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u6559\u80b2\u4e4b\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u540e\u4e0e\u54c8\u4e3d\u7279\u00b7\u6cf0\u52d2\u00b7\u6cf0\u52d2\u00b7\u5bc6\u5c14\uff08Harriet Taylor Mill\uff09\u7684\u76f8\u9047\u76f8\u77e5\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u60c5\u611f\u4e0e\u667a\u8bc6\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u4f9d\u6258\u3002\u6cf0\u52d2\u00b7\u5bc6\u5c14\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bc6\u5c14\u7075\u9b42\u7684\u4f34\u4fa3\u4e0e\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u540c\u9053\uff0c\u5176\u7406\u5ff5\u6df1\u6df1\u6e17\u900f\u4e8e\u300a\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u300b\u7684\u5b57\u91cc\u884c\u95f4\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u6249\u9875\u5373\u660e\u8a00\u201c\u732e\u7ed9\u6211\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u4e66\u4ed8\u6893\u4e8e1859\u5e74\uff0c\u6b63\u503c\u7ef4\u591a\u5229\u4e9a\u65f6\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u6587\u660e\u81fb\u4e8e\u9f0e\u76db\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u77db\u76fe\u65e5\u8d8b\u590d\u6742\u4e4b\u9645\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u81ea\u7531\u7ade\u4e89\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7e41\u8363\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65e5\u76ca\u58ee\u5927\u7684\u201c\u591a\u6570\u66b4\u653f\u201d\u9634\u5f71\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u56fd\u5bb6\u673a\u5668\u7684\u4e13\u65ad\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u5eb8\u4f17\u8206\u8bba\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u538b\u5236\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u6084\u7136\u4fb5\u8680\u7740\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u5386\u7ecf\u6570\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e89\u53d6\u800c\u6765\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u6839\u57fa\u3002\u5bc6\u5c14\u64b0\u5199\u6b64\u4e66\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u8981\u56de\u5e94\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u4ee3\u547d\u9898\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u76ca\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5316\u3001\u8d8b\u540c\u5316\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cbe\u795e\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u601d\u60f3\u591a\u5143\u6027\u7a76\u7adf\u4f55\u4ee5\u81ea\u5904\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9<\/h2>\n

\u300a\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u300b\u5168\u4e66\u5171\u4e94\u7ae0\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u8bba\u516c\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u6743\u529b\u4e4b\u754c\u9650\u201d\u4e3a\u603b\u7eb2\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9610\u53d1\u4e86\u5bc6\u5c14\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u5168\u4e66\u903b\u8f91\u4e25\u5bc6\u3001\u5c42\u5c42\u9012\u8fdb\uff0c\u4ece\u601d\u60f3\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u7ee7\u800c\u6269\u5c55\u81f3\u4e2a\u6027\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u843d\u811a\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u539f\u5219\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9002\u7528\u60c5\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bc6\u5c14\u5f00\u7bc7\u5373\u6307\u51fa\u4e00\u5bf9\u6839\u672c\u77db\u76fe\uff1a\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u80fd\u5408\u6cd5\u5730\u65bd\u7528\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u529b\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u9650\u5ea6\u201d<\/strong>\u3002\u4ed6\u65ad\u8a00\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u9002\u5f53\u9886\u57df\u5e94\u6db5\u76d6\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5185\u5411\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6700\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u826f\u5fc3\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u60c5\u611f\u81ea\u7531\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u573a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5373\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u8fd0\u7528\u6279\u8bc4\u81ea\u7531\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u8da3\u5473\u548c\u5fd7\u8da3\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5373\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u4f9d\u7167\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6027\u60c5\u9009\u62e9\u81ea\u5df1\u55dc\u597d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff1b\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u8054\u5408\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5373\u4e0e\u4efb\u610f\u4ed6\u4eba\u7ed3\u793e\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8fd9\u79cd\u8054\u5408\u51fa\u4e8e\u81ea\u613f\u4e14\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4fb5\u5bb3\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5168\u4e66\u7075\u9b42\u5728\u4e8e\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u4f24\u5bb3\u539f\u5219\u201d\uff08Harm Principle\uff09\uff1a\u201c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672c\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u5b50\u548c\u5fc3\u7075\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u4e3b\u6743\u8005\u3002\u201d<\/strong> \u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5f53\u963b\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u884c\u52a8\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u5176\u884c\u52a8\u5c06\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eba\u9020\u6210\u4f24\u5bb3\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ec5\u6d89\u53ca\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u6b63\u5f53\u6743\u529b\u65bd\u52a0\u60e9\u7f5a\u6216\u8206\u8bba\u538b\u529b\u3002\u5bc6\u5c14\u4ee5\u6b64\u539f\u5219\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\uff0c\u9010\u4e00\u53cd\u9a73\u4e86\u201c\u591a\u6570\u66b4\u653f\u201d\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u5916\u5728\u5f3a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8206\u8bba\u7684\u5185\u5728\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bc6\u5c14\u5c24\u5176\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2a\u6027\uff08individuality\uff09<\/strong> \u4e4b\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u798f\u7949\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u4ed6\u53cd\u5bf9\u8fb9\u6c81\u5f0f\u7684\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e2d\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4e3b\u4e49\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u201c\u505a\u9519\u4e86\u4e8b\u7684\u4eba\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u88ab\u635f\u5bb3\u4e86\u6743\u5229\u7684\u4eba\u201d\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8303\u7574\u3002\u4ed6\u63f4\u5f15\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u65af\u5df4\u8fbe\u4e0e\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u8b66\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u82e5\u627c\u6740\u4e2a\u6027\u3001\u591a\u5143\u4e0e\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u5fc5\u5c06\u9677\u5165\u505c\u6ede\u4e0e\u8870\u8d25\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/strong>\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u884c\u52a8\u4e0d\u4f24\u5bb3\u4ed6\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u987b\u5177\u5907\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u884c\u4e3a\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u529b\u4e0e\u4e3b\u52a8\u6027\u3002**<\/p>\n

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\u4e09\u3001\u7cbe\u534e\u6458\u5f55<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \u201c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672c\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u5b50\u548c\u5fc3\u7075\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u4e3b\u6743\u8005\u3002\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    \u201c\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5f53\u884c\u4f7f\u6743\u529b\u4e8e\u6587\u660e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u6210\u5458\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u963b\u6b62\u5176\u4f24\u5bb3\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    \u201c\u8feb\u4f7f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6309\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u53bb\u751f\u6d3b\u2014\u2014\u6309\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u751f\u6d3b\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u503c\u5f97\u79f0\u9053\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u8feb\u4f7f\u4ed6\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    \u201c\u5728\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6d89\u53ca\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u90a3\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672c\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u5b50\u548c\u5fc3\u7075\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u4e3b\u6743\u8005\u3002\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  5. \n

    \u201c\u65f6\u4ee3\u5e76\u4e0d\u6bd4\u4e2a\u4eba\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u667a\u6167\uff1b\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  6. \n

    \u201c\u4eba\u7c7b\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6743\u51fa\u4e8e\u4ec5\u4ec5\u81ea\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u7531\u2014\u2014\u5373\u4ee4\u4ed6\u4eba\u5e76\u4e0d\u8fd9\u6837\u8ba4\u4e3a\u2014\u2014\u53bb\u5e72\u6d89\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u68c0\u9a8c\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u4efb\u4f55\u5177\u4f53\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  7. \n

    \u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7981\u6b62\u4e00\u5207\u5bfc\u81f4\u9157\u9152\u4e4b\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u9152\u7684\u552e\u5356\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4e3a\u7740\u4fdd\u62a4\u9189\u9152\u8005\u672c\u4eba\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u7531\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u79f0\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f53\uff1b\u800c\u4fdd\u62a4\u9189\u9152\u8005\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u662f\u6700\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  8. \n

    \u201c\u4e2a\u6027\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u798f\u7949\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u798f\u7949\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  9. \n

    \u201c\u9664\u975e\u4e2a\u4f53\u80fd\u591f\u6309\u7167\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4ed6\u4eec\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u601d\u8003\u3002\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  10. \n

    \u201c\u771f\u7406\u6240\u8d62\u5f97\u7684\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u771f\u7406\u88ab\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u9762\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u8c2c\u8bef\u3002\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \n

    \u56db\u3001\u4e3b\u9898\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n

    \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u4f24\u5bb3\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u8fb9\u754c<\/h3>\n

    \u201c\u4f24\u5bb3\u539f\u5219\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u300a\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u300b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u5176\u610f\u4e49\u8fdc\u8d85\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5b9e\u8bc1\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u89e6\u53ca\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u6839\u672c\u96be\u9898\uff1a\u4e2a\u4f53\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u7a76\u7adf\u4ece\u4f55\u800c\u6765\uff1f\u793e\u4f1a\u6743\u529b\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u8fb9\u754c\u53c8\u4f55\u5728\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u5bc6\u5c14\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f20\u7edf\u2014\u2014\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6d1b\u514b\u7684\u8d22\u4ea7\u6743\u7406\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u5df2\u7136\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u4e2a\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u4e0d\u53d7\u56fd\u5bb6\u4efb\u610f\u5e72\u6d89\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u964d\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u4e3a\u9690\u853d\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u6d6e\u51fa\u6c34\u9762\uff1a\u591a\u6570\u610f\u89c1\u5bf9\u5c11\u6570\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u538b\u8feb<\/strong>\u3002\u5bc6\u5c14\u654f\u9510\u5730\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\uff1a\u201c\u591a\u6570\u7684\u8206\u8bba\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e00\u6837\u5c06\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0e\u5b83\u76f8\u5de6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5224\u5b9a\u4e3a\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u6709\u5931\u4f53\u9762\u3002\u201d<\/strong> \u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u201c\u591a\u6570\u66b4\u653f\u201d\u7684\u9690\u5fe7\uff0c\u9a71\u4f7f\u5bc6\u5c14\u5c06\u81ea\u7531\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u91cd\u5fc3\u4ece\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u514d\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e72\u9884\u201d\u8f6c\u5411\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u201c\u514d\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u8206\u8bba\u538b\u8feb\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f24\u5bb3\u539f\u5219\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4eab\u6709\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4ec5\u6d89\u53ca\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u9886\u57df\u5185\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eba\u65e0\u6cd5\u62e5\u6709\u6bd4\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u66f4\u4f18\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u8d44\u683c\u3002<\/strong> \u5bc6\u5c14\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6c38\u8fdc\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u77e5\u67d0\u9879\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6216\u4e60\u4fd7\u201c\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u201d\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u672c\u8eab\u2014\u2014\u5c24\u5176\u5f53\u8fd9\u79cd\u5224\u65ad\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5bb6\u957f\u5236\u7684\u50b2\u6162\u4e4b\u4e0a\u65f6\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u6240\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7406\u7531\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4ee3\u66ff\u4ed6\u4eec\u53bb\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u9002\u5408\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\uff1f<\/strong>\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u53cd\u8bd8\u76f4\u6307\u5bb6\u957f\u5236\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff1a\u4ee5\u4ec1\u6148\u4e3a\u540d\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5c0a\u4e25\u7684\u5192\u72af\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f24\u5bb3\u539f\u5219\u5e76\u975e\u6beb\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5bc6\u5c14\u660e\u786e\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6784\u6210\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u201c\u660e\u786e\u4f24\u5bb3\u201d\u65f6<\/strong>\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5e72\u9884\u5373\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f53\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u660e\u786e\u201d\uff08patent\uff09\u4e0e\u201c\u53ef\u8bc1\u660e\u201d\uff08appreciable\uff09\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u6807\u51c6\uff1a\u8fc7\u5ea6\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u5316\u5c06\u524a\u5f31\u539f\u5219\u7684\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u8fc7\u5ea6\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u5316\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u539f\u5219\u88ab\u6ee5\u7528\u3002\u5bc6\u5c14\u4ee5\u51fa\u552e\u9e26\u7247\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u201c\u81ea\u613f\u53d7\u5bb3\u201d\u7684\u573a\u5408\uff0c\u82e5\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u540e\u679c\u8d85\u51fa\u4e2a\u4eba\u8303\u56f4\uff08\u5982\u635f\u5bb3\u793e\u4f1a\u5b89\u5b9a\uff09\uff0c\u5e72\u9884\u4ecd\u5c5e\u6b63\u5f53\u3002<\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4e2a\u6027\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdb\u6b65<\/h3>\n

    \u5bc6\u5c14\u5bf9\u201c\u4e2a\u6027\uff08individuality\uff09<\/strong>\u201d\u7684\u9610\u53d1\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u300a\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u300b\u6700\u5177\u54f2\u5b66\u6df1\u5ea6\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u76ca\u8d8b\u540c\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u3001\u96c6\u4f53\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5bc6\u5c14\u8ffd\u95ee\uff1a\u4e3a\u4f55\u4e2a\u6027\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u53d1\u5c55\u5e94\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u798f\u7949\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u4ed6\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u878d\u5408\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u575a\u6301\u6548\u76ca\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7acb\u573a\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4e0e\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6027\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u77e5\u8bc6\u589e\u957f\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u77e5\u670d\u4ece\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0e\u8206\u8bba\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u7eb5\u4f7f\u4e00\u65f6\u5b89\u5b9a\uff0c\u7ec8\u5c06\u9677\u5165\u505c\u6ede\u3002\u5bc6\u5c14\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3a\u4f8b\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e00\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u5df2\u663e\u9893\u52bf\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u6587\u660e\u2014\u2014\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff08conformity\uff09\u7f6e\u4e8e\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff08diversity\uff09\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53\u201c\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u201d\u53d6\u4ee3\u201c\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u201d\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u521b\u9020\u4fbf\u544a\u840e\u7f29\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5bc6\u5c14\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e2a\u6027\u4ee5\u5185\u5728\u4ef7\u503c\uff08intrinsic value\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u6070\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u9009\u62e9\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u5177\u6709\u6309\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u529b\u53bb\u8ffd\u6c42\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u201d<\/strong> \u8fd9\u4e00\u8868\u8ff0\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u7531\u89c6\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5c0a\u4e25\uff08human dignity\uff09\u7684\u6784\u6210\u6027\u8981\u7d20\uff1a\u5265\u593a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5265\u593a\u4ed6\u7684\u798f\u7949\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u8d2c\u4f4e\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5c24\u4e3a\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5bc6\u5c14\u5e76\u975e\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4ea6\u975e\u81ea\u6211\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8bba\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u660e\u786e\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u201c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6d89\u53ca\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u201d<\/strong> \u4e0e \u201c\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u201d<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u53cd\u590d\u5f3a\u8c03\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u4ed6\u6240\u53cd\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u793e\u4f1a\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u7684\u6ee5\u7528<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u79cd\u4ee5\u201c\u4e3a\u4f60\u597d\u201d\u4e3a\u540d\u800c\u5265\u593a\u4e2a\u4f53\u5224\u65ad\u6743\u4e0e\u9009\u62e9\u6743\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e94\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u611f\u609f<\/h2>\n

    \u91cd\u8bfb\u300a\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u300b\uff0c\u5c24\u611f\u5bc6\u5c14\u4e8e\u4e00\u767e\u516d\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\u524d\u6240\u63ed\u793a\u4e4b\u547d\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u4eca\u65e5\u4f9d\u7136\u632f\u804b\u53d1\u8069\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8eab\u5904\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u7206\u70b8\u3001\u7b97\u6cd5\u6a2a\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u201c\u591a\u6570\u66b4\u653f\u201d\u975e\u4f46\u672a\u66fe\u6d88\u5f2d\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u4ee5\u66f4\u4e3a\u7cbe\u81f4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u590d\u5f52\u3002\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u6c79\u6d8c\u7684\u8206\u8bba\u6d2a\u6d41\u3001\u540c\u4faa\u538b\u529b\u7684\u65e0\u5f62\u67b7\u9501\u3001\u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b63\u786e\u201d\u7684\u67d4\u6027\u89c4\u8bad\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u672a\u50cf\u4eca\u5929\u8fd9\u6837\u5982\u6b64\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u88ab\u88f9\u631f\u3001\u88ab\u8d8b\u540c\u3001\u88ab\u6d88\u97f3<\/strong>\u3002\u5f53\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u5c01\u95ed\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u8327\u623f\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u201c\u6d41\u91cf\u601d\u7ef4\u201d\u9a71\u4f7f\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fce\u5408\u5e02\u573a\u53e3\u5473\uff0c\u5bc6\u5c14\u6240\u62c5\u5fe7\u7684\u201c\u4e2a\u6027\u7684\u840e\u7f29\u201d\u6b63\u5728\u4ee5\u65b0\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8513\u5ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5c24\u5176\u89e6\u52a8\u6211\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5bc6\u5c14\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u5eb8\u4f17\u8206\u8bba\u201d\u5bf9\u5929\u624d\u4e4b\u538b\u5236<\/strong>\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u3002\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u5929\u624d\u4e4b\u58eb\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u7f55\u89c1\uff0c\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5934\u8111\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6446\u8131\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u4e0e\u675f\u7f1a\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002\u201d<\/strong> \u8fd9\u4e0d\u7981\u4ee4\u6211\u53cd\u601d\uff1a\u5728\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u5236\u4e0e\u804c\u573a\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5728\u4ee5\u201c\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u8bad\u7ec3\u201d\u4e4b\u540d\uff0c\u627c\u6740\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u4e0e\u521b\u9020\u529b\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u201c\u5b89\u5168\u201d\u800c\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u201c\u8bd5\u9a8c\u201d\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u201c\u5171\u8bc6\u201d\u800c\u538b\u5236\u4e86\u201c\u5f02\u89c1\u201d\uff1f<\/p>\n

    \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bc6\u5c14\u7684\u6559\u76ca\u5e76\u975e\u865a\u65e0\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u501f\u53e3\u3002\u4ed6\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4eec\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u771f\u8c1b\u5728\u4e8e\u201c\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u6027\u5730\u62d2\u7edd\u4e00\u5207\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u627f\u62c5\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u52c7\u6562\u5730\u6d3b\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/strong> \u771f\u6b63\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4eba\uff0c\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u968f\u6ce2\u9010\u6d41\u7684\u201c\u5899\u5934\u8349\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u4e2d\u65e0\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u72ec\u884c\u4fa0\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u201c\u7fa4\u5df1\u6743\u754c\u201d\u4e0a\u4fdd\u6301\u6e05\u9192\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u516d\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u8054\u7cfb<\/h2>\n

    \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u4e0e\u5112\u5b66\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u5bf9\u8bdd<\/h3>\n

    \u5bc6\u5c14\u300a\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u300b\u6240\u5f70\u663e\u7684\u201c\u7fa4\u5df1\u6743\u754c\u201d\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e0e\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u8010\u4eba\u5bfb\u5473\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u6709\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u4e3a\u653f\u4ee5\u5fb7\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u5317\u8fb0\uff0c\u5c45\u5176\u6240\u800c\u4f17\u661f\u5171\u4e4b\u3002<\/strong>\u201d\u6b64\u8bed\u5e38\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u9053\u5fb7\u611f\u5316\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u6df1\u5c42\u610f\u6db5\u6216\u53ef\u4e0e\u5bc6\u5c14\u7684\u201c\u4f24\u5bb3\u539f\u5219\u201d\u76f8\u53d1\u660e\uff1a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee5\u5f3a\u529b\u63a7\u5236\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u5176\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u81ea\u4e3b\u8fd0\u8f6c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u201c\u514b\u5df1\u590d\u793c<\/strong>\u201d\u7684\u4fee\u8eab\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u5fb7\u6027\u5411\u793e\u4f1a\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u56de\u5f52\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5bc6\u5c14\u6240\u5021\u5bfc\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5f20\u529b\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5112\u5bb6\u201c\u4ec1\u8005\u7231\u4eba<\/strong>\u201d\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u57fa\u5e95\u4e0a\uff0c\u5438\u7eb3\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u7fa4\u5df1\u6743\u754c\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u6d1e\u89c1\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f53\u4ee3\u601d\u60f3\u4e9f\u9700\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u300a\u4e2d\u5eb8\u300b\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u81f4\u4e2d\u548c\uff0c\u5929\u5730\u4f4d\u7109\uff0c\u4e07\u7269\u80b2\u7109\u3002<\/strong>\u201d\u6b64\u201c\u4e2d\u548c\u201d\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u6216\u53ef\u8be0\u91ca\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5e73\u8861\uff1a\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5bfb\u6c42\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u5206\u9645\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u60f3\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4e0e\u5bc6\u5c14\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u53cd\u590d\u8003\u91cf\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u201d\u8bae\u9898\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u7684\u547c\u5e94\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u201c\u4e2d\u548c\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7684\u6298\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u667a\u6167\uff08phronesis\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u4e2a\u6848\u4e2d\u5ba1\u614e\u5730\u5212\u5b9a\u8fb9\u754c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u7684\u5173\u8054<\/h3>\n

    \u5bc6\u5c14\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u591a\u5904\u91c7\u7528\u601d\u60f3\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/strong>\u4e0e\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u5982\u5173\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u9e26\u7247\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u9189\u9152\u8005\u81ea\u6211\u4f24\u5bb3\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8bc1\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4ed6\u53cd\u590d\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u201c\u601d\u60f3\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531<\/strong>\u201d\u4e4b\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u5219\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5960\u57fa\uff1a\u4efb\u4f55\u771f\u7406\u7684\u786e\u7acb\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u53d7\u6279\u8bc4\u4e0e\u53cd\u9a73\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\uff1b\u538b\u5236\u5f02\u89c1\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u4e49\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u6bc1<\/strong>\u3002\u5bc6\u5c14\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u771f\u7406\u6240\u8d62\u5f97\u7684\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u771f\u7406\u88ab\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u9762\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u8c2c\u8bef\u3002<\/strong>\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bba\u65ad\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u8bc1\u4f2a\u4e3b\u4e49<\/strong>\u201d\uff08\u6ce2\u666e\u5c14\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u5bf9\u6297\u6027\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong>\u201d\uff08\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\uff09\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5171\u9e23\uff1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u6709\u8d56\u4e8e\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u800c\u975e\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u5784\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5bc6\u5c14\u5bf9\u201c\u591a\u6570\u66b4\u653f<\/strong>\u201d\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u4e0e\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bf9\u201c\u7fa4\u4f53\u6781\u5316<\/strong>\u201d\u201c\u96c6\u4f53\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6<\/strong>\u201d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u53d1\u660e\u3002\u52d2\u5e9e\u7684\u300a\u4e4c\u5408\u4e4b\u4f17\u300b\u3001\u5854\u52d2\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u53cd\u8106\u5f31\u300b\u7b49\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u7686\u53ef\u89c6\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5bc6\u5c14\u547d\u9898\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u300a\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u300b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e00\u4efd\u5173\u4e8e\u77e5\u8bc6\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u6587\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e03\u3001\u540e\u7eed\u8ba1\u5212<\/h2>\n

    \u57fa\u4e8e\u300a\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u300b\u7684\u7814\u8bfb\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u540e\u7eed\u884c\u52a8\u8ba1\u5212\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      \u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb<\/strong>\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u9605\u8bfb\u5bc6\u5c14\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u300a\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\uff08Utilitarianism\uff09\u4e0e\u300a\u4ee3\u8bae\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\u300b\uff08Considerations on Representative Government\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u5168\u9762\u628a\u63e1\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u9009\u8bfb\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u300a\u516c\u5171\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u8f6c\u578b\u300b\u4e0e\u4f2f\u6797\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8de8\u601d\u60f3\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      \u4e13\u9898\u7814\u7a76<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ee5\u201c\u7fa4\u5df1\u6743\u754c\u201d\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u8bae\u9898\uff08\u5982\u4e2a\u4eba\u9690\u79c1\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8a00\u8bba\u8fb9\u754c\u3001\u5b66\u672f\u81ea\u7531\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u64b0\u5199\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e0d\u5c11\u4e8e\u4e94\u5343\u5b57\u7684\u4e13\u9898\u8bba\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      \u5b9e\u8df5\u8eac\u884c<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u8df5\u884c\u201c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u8003\u201d\u7684\u539f\u5219\u2014\u2014\u9762\u5bf9\u8206\u8bba\u70ed\u6f6e\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u5ba1\u614e\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u5f02\u89c1\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u62c5\u5f53\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u53ef\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6bcf\u6708\u81f3\u5c11\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u7bc7\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u601d\u672d\u8bb0\u201d\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u201c\u7fa4\u5df1\u6743\u754c\u201d\u4e0a\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u4e0e\u6210\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      \u4ea4\u6d41\u5206\u4eab<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6216\u53c2\u4e0e\u8bfb\u4e66\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0e\u540c\u9053\u8005\u5c31\u5bc6\u5c14\u7684\u201c\u4f24\u5bb3\u539f\u5219\u201d\u201c\u4e2a\u6027\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u7b49\u547d\u9898\u5c55\u5f00\u6df1\u5ea6\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u529b\u6c42\u5728\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e2d\u78b0\u649e\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u706b\u82b1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \n
      \n

      \u201c\u4e2a\u6027\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u798f\u7949\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u798f\u7949\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u201d<\/em>\n
      \n\u2014\u2014\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u65af\u56fe\u5c14\u7279\u00b7\u5bc6\u5c14<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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